{"id":814,"date":"2020-03-04T09:30:38","date_gmt":"2020-03-04T08:30:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/yvcharron.com\/?page_id=814"},"modified":"2020-12-20T11:59:16","modified_gmt":"2020-12-20T10:59:16","slug":"three-dimension-structured-surfaces-type-1","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/yvcharron.com\/index.php\/three-dimension-structured-surfaces-type-1\/","title":{"rendered":"Three Dimension structures &#8211; One oscillating wave &#8211; 3D_1"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p style=\"text-align:center\" class=\"has-text-color has-small-font-size has-cyan-bluish-gray-color\">Keywords: structured surfaces three-dimension structures grooves transversal lateral periodic displacement wave flow drag reduction turbulent<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"text-align:center\"><strong>From\u00a0conventional\u00a02D\u00a0to\u00a03D\u00a0structures\u00a0and\u00a0from\u00a0RANS to\u00a0LES codes<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-very-dark-gray-color\">Whilst\nthe benefit of structured surfaces has been known for long, it has mostly been\naddressed till now to two dimension structures with flow drag reduction limited\nto 10-12% (see site web section_ Structured Surface 2D). The objective of the\npresent study is to analyse the benefits of more complex structure shapes.\nPerformance of structured surfaces may be analysed in using Computational Fluid\nDynamic codes (previous section) ranging from the Direct Numerical simulation\n(DNS &#8211; Full turbulence simulation) to the Reynolds Average Navier Stokes (RANS\n&#8211; Full turbulence modelling). These codes are used for very different purposes.\nConcerning the first code, it is used for an in depth flow mechanism analysis\nat the expense of a high computation cost and, concerning the second code, it\nis used for engineering studies. The Large Eddy Simulation code (LES &#8211; Partial\nsimulation and partial modelling of turbulence), intermediate in its features\nbetween the two codes, tends to be used more often for engineering\napplications. It seems to be a good compromise for the study of complex\nboundary flows.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"text-align:center\">Flow simulations with RANS and LES codes<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-very-dark-gray-color\"><strong>A RANS code has been\nsuccessfully used for the study of two dimension (2D) structures<\/strong>\nproviding some means for analysing 2D structures in terms of flow drag\nreduction and secondary flows around these structures. However, when tested in\na more complex boundary flow situation (typically, the case of an oscillating\nplate), the RANS code failed. As a consequence, LES has been tested for the\nsteady of more complex boundary layers (oscillating plates and 3D structures).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-very-dark-gray-color\"><strong>A LES code has been\nsuccessfully validated in the case of an oscillating plate<\/strong>\n(Section 2 below). This task was required prior to the study of complex\nstructured shapes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-very-dark-gray-color\"><strong>A LES code has then been\nused for the study of a specific three dimension (3D) structure <\/strong>(Section\n3 below). This 3D structure combines the principle of two turbulence reduction\nmechanisms: a) 2D structure and b) transverse flow oscillation. These\nstructures appear as sine waves mounted in direction of the main flow with\nhills and valleys sized similarly to 2D riblets. The amplitude and the period\nof the sine waves are sized similarly to a transverse oscillating flow\n(oscillating plate). A parametric study has been carried out in order to verify\nthe effect of a change in both oscillation amplitude and period. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-very-dark-gray-color\">Similitude laws are provided in this report for transposing the results from the present study (Re Nb=14 000) to considerably larger Reynolds numbers (gas transport \u2013 10<sup>7<\/sup>&lt;Re&lt;10<sup>8<\/sup>). In particular, the 2D structures and sine wave parameters are roughly proportional to the pipe diameter \/ Reynolds nb ratio (D \/ Re).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"626\" height=\"343\" src=\"http:\/\/yvcharron.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/image-11.png\" alt=\"Principle of operation of a three dimension structured surface based on the superposition of longitudinal structures (riblets) and one transversal (lateral) wave, flow drag reduction from 12 to 20 %\" class=\"wp-image-815\" srcset=\"https:\/\/yvcharron.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/image-11.png 626w, https:\/\/yvcharron.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/image-11-300x164.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 626px) 100vw, 626px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align:center\">_<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/yvcharron.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/a_3_2_Surf-Struc-3DType1_Ang_2007.pdf\">FOR MORE DETAILS : _______ a_3_2_Surf Struc 3DType1_Ang_2007<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/yvcharron.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/a_3_2_Surf-Struc-3DType1_Ang_2007.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button\" download>T\u00e9l\u00e9charger<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"text-align:center\"><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-very-dark-gray-color\">A LES Code could establish the drag reduction provided by a <strong>plate oscillating transversely<\/strong> to the main flow direction<strong>. Maximum drag reduction is obtained for a dimensionless period of 100<\/strong>. In this case, the drag reduction varies considerably with the amplitude of the oscillation (disregarding the input energy brought to the plate).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-very-dark-gray-color\"><strong>Two dimension riblets of the knife blade type provides a maximum drag reduction of the order of 10 %<\/strong>. The same result was found with a RANS code (see corresponding Web site page) and a LES code (above section 3.1).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-very-dark-gray-color\"><strong>Three dimension structured surfaces combining the above two flow drag reduction mechanisms<\/strong> (2D riblets and transposed transverse flow oscillation) <strong>provide a drag reduction of the order of 20 %<\/strong>. The maximum drag reduction was achieved for a dimensionless period of 100 and a maximum angle of the transverse oscillation of the order of 10 degrees.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-very-dark-gray-color\">In\nthe case of gas transport in a pipeline with inlet and outlet pressure varying\nin a large ratio, the following parameters would change very little: the\nReynolds number, the 2D riblet sizes, the dimensionless period, the\ndimensionless amplitude and the maximum angle of the structure oscillation. \n\nConsidering the shape\nof these 3D structures, they could be manufactured in using the same process as\nthe one anticipated for the 2D riblets. See corresponding Web site page.\n\n\n\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Keywords: structured surfaces three-dimension structures grooves transversal lateral periodic displacement wave flow drag reduction turbulent From\u00a0conventional\u00a02D\u00a0to\u00a03D\u00a0structures\u00a0and\u00a0from\u00a0RANS to\u00a0LES codes Whilst the benefit of structured surfaces has been known for long, it has mostly been addressed till now to two dimension structures with flow drag reduction limited to 10-12% (see site web section_ Structured Surface 2D). The&hellip; <br \/> <a class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/yvcharron.com\/index.php\/three-dimension-structured-surfaces-type-1\/\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-814","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Three Dimension structures - One oscillating wave - 3D_1 - CHARRON Yves<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/yvcharron.com\/index.php\/three-dimension-structured-surfaces-type-1\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Three Dimension structures - One oscillating wave - 3D_1 - CHARRON Yves\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Keywords: structured surfaces three-dimension structures grooves transversal lateral periodic displacement wave flow drag reduction turbulent From\u00a0conventional\u00a02D\u00a0to\u00a03D\u00a0structures\u00a0and\u00a0from\u00a0RANS to\u00a0LES codes Whilst the benefit of structured surfaces has been known for long, it has mostly been addressed till now to two dimension structures with flow drag reduction limited to 10-12% (see site web section_ Structured Surface 2D). 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