Weld impact on pressure losses <\/h2>\n\n\n\n
It draws attention to the impact of internal welds<\/strong> in the transport of gas. This impact is presented in the case of junction welds<\/strong> connecting pipe sections to each other (also called radial welds) as well as in the case of spiral welds<\/strong> required for the manufacturing of longer tubes with less pressure and lower cost. As will be shown, the impact of the weld type on pressure losses is considerably higher in the case of the second type compared to the first type.<\/p>\n\n\n\n One section relates to the production of structured surfaces<\/strong> within pipe tubes during the internal coating process. One manufacturing method is presented by means of flexible moulds provided on their outside with structured surfaces in the form of a mirror image of the one that is required to produce on the tube internals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n It presents an internal pipe monitoring device<\/strong> (monitoring pig) allowing the measurement of several hydraulic pipe parameters including internal roughness, temperature and pressure over the entire length of the pipeline. Concerning the principle of the roughness measurement, this device is inspired by the functioning of the Rotating Cylinder Unit presented in chapter 1 and used for the measurement of the equivalent roughness (hydraulic) of the internal coating of a pipe section.<\/p>\n\n\n\n![\"Flow](\"http:\/\/yvcharron.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/image-5.png\")
Structured surfaces for flow drag reduction<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Smart pig for internal aerodynamic roughness measurement<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Economics<\/h2>\n\n\n\n